Title:3-D Organ Printing Factory Will Produce Replica Human Body Parts So Surgeons Can Practice

Surgeons can now hold a 3-D printed model of their patient's heart in their hands the day before an operation or they can check the size of a blood clot in the brain using a 3-D printed replica. This technology has cropped up in some hospitals around the country, giving doctors a way to test out surgical procedures before operating on the real thing. It's a method that can cut down planning time and potentially reduce risk, and within the next year the United States will get its first ever 3-D human organ printing factory.

外科医生现在可以在手术前一天拿到病人的3D打印心脏，也可以用3D打印一个与病人脑血栓同样大小的复制品。这一技术已经在美国一些医院出现，使医生能够在实际手术之前测试手术程序。这是一种可以减少规划时间并有可能减少风险的方法，明年美国将开启其首家3D人体器官印刷厂。

Paris-based medical device company Biomodex announced Thursday it raised $15 million for the project from two European investment firms. It plans to open the factory in the Boston area within the next year, Carolyn DeVasto, global vice president of commercialization at Biomodex told Newsweek.

总部位于巴黎的医疗设备公司Biomdex周四宣布，该公司从两家欧洲投资公司为该项目筹集了1,500万美元。该公司计划明年在波士顿地区开业，对生物业商业化的全球副总裁卡罗琳·德瓦托(Carolyn DeVasto)向新闻周刊表示。

"Our goal is really about improving patients' outcomes by reducing risks,"  DeVasto said.

“我们的目标是通过减少风险来改善病人的结果，”德瓦托说。

A 3-D printed brain aneurysm in a holding station.   Biomodex

Last year the company opened its first factory in Paris. Surgeons from all over the world have already begun using the service by forwarding patients' CT scans or MRIs before a surgery. Typically, it can take five to seven days for a replica to arrive in the United States, but after the factory opens in Boston, it anticipates the turnaround time will be cut significantly.

去年该公司在巴黎开设了第一家工厂，来自世界各地的外科医生已开始使用这项服务，在手术前向病人转发CT扫描或MRI服务。通常情况下，一个复制品需要5至7天时间才能到达美国，但在波士顿工厂开工后，预计周转时间将大幅减少。

"Our solutions will help surgeons choose the best medical device and operating strategy to reduce risks and improve medical and financial outcomes,"  Thomas Marchand, CEO of Biomodex told P&T Journal.

“我们的解决方案将有助于外科医生选择最佳的医疗装置和运营战略，以减少风险，改善医疗和财政效果，” 莫迪克斯首席执行官托马斯·马克斯普尔日刊(Thomas Marckhand)。

When the facility opens, doctors will be able to order organ replicas from the Boston location, but some hospitals are choosing to simply buy their own 3-D printers. Doctors at Baystate Medical Center in western Massachusetts are already using their own in-house 3-D printer for surgeries that are particularly tricky, like facial reconstructions, in which they print out jawbones after traumatic injuries. Doctors even use the replicas to educate patients, Dr. Michael Yunes, chief of the hospital's division of radiation oncology, told Newsweek.

当设施开放时，医生将能够从波士顿所在地订购器官复制品，但一些医院选择只购买自己的3D打印机。在马萨诸塞州西部的巴士州医疗中心，医生们已经在使用自己的3-D打印机进行外科手术，这些手术特别棘手，比如面部重建，他们在创伤后用下颚部撕开骨头。医院辐射肿瘤科科科长迈克尔·尤恩斯博士说，医生们甚至用复制品教育病人。

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"There is something special about being able to hand a patient a replica of their anatomy in 3-dementions that they can turn and twist and look at,"  he said. He will typically make two copies, one that the patient can take home with them and one for his own library.

他说：“3D打印人体器官能够帮助病人复制解剖学模型，这对于患者能够翻身、扭动并观察患者是有特殊意义的。”他通常会制作两份副本，一份供病人带回家，一份供自己图书馆查阅。

Yunes uses 3-D printed replicas of tumors and the tissue that surrounds the tumors to make sure patients know the risks of surgery.

尤恩斯采用3D打印的肿瘤复制物和环绕肿瘤的组织，以确保病人知道手术的风险。

"I will have their actual tumor, their anatomy printed from a CT scan or an MRI, so I can physically bring a copy of their brain with their brain tumor to them and show them this is where it is,"  Yunes said. If a tumor is near a nerve or close to the brain stem, he can physically show them on the model, which he found is much more effective than trying to explain it with words.

“我要他们的实际肿瘤，他们的解剖学从CT扫描或MRI中打印，这样我就能物理地将他们的大脑肿瘤的副本带给他们，向他们演示这是什么地方，”尤恩斯说。如果肿瘤靠近神经或接近脑干附近，他可以从身体上显示在模型上，他发现这比用文字解释它更有效。

Pediatric surgeon Kevin P. Moriarty told Newsweek that 3-D printing helps him with planning surgery at the hospital in Massachusetts. In one memorable case, he used a model to help figure out how to remove a large cyst that was adjacent to a child's heart.

儿科医生Kevin P. Moriarty告诉News周刊说，3D打印帮助他计划在马萨诸塞州的医院做手术。在一个令人难忘的案例中，他使用了一个模型来帮助找出如何去除一个靠近孩子心脏的大型囊肿。

"I do think it saves time because we have a road map,"  said Moriarty.

莫里拉蒂说：“我认为这样做省了时间，因为我们有路线图。”

"Anything you can do to improve the quality of care for a patient – is worth it,"  said Yunes.

“只要你做的事能改善病人的护理质量，那就是值得的”尤恩斯说。

DeVasto says that Biomodex's synthetic organs will likely outperform others because of a patented algorithm that makes the tissues feel and act like the real thing. The models are then pumped with synthetic blood.

德瓦托说，生物莫代克斯的合成器官由于一种专利的算法使组织感觉和做为真实的东西，因此很可能会超过其他器官，然后用合成血液对模型进行抽取。

"So when the physician does the intervention they will get the same vessel friction but also the same stiffness and suppleness in different areas caused by surrounding tissue," she said. "It's a very realistic experience."

她说：“所以当医生进行干预时，他们将得到相同的血管摩擦，但也同样在周围组织引起的不同部位的僵硬和柔软。