[(Title)] Seattle plastic straw, utensil ban takes effect

The full ban went into effect on July 1, a decade after the city first introduced a measure requiring restaurants to use only recyclable and compostable materials.

全面禁令于7月1日生效，距离该市首次推出一项要求餐馆仅使用可回收和可堆肥材料的措施，已经过去了十年。

Plastic straws and utensils were originally exempt from the ban because of a lack of viable compostable alternatives.

由于缺乏可行的堆肥替代品，塑料吸管和餐具最初免于禁令。

Restaurants and businesses like food trucks and grocery stores may provide compostable plastic or paper straws on request, and flexible plastic straws will still be available for customers with a medical necessity, according to the Seattle Times.

西雅图时报称，食品卡车和食品杂货店等餐馆和商业可应要求提供堆肥塑料或纸质吸管，而且对于有医疗需要的顾客，仍然可以灵活使用塑料管。

Any of Seattle's 5,000 restaurants found to be violating the ban could face a fine of up to $250.

西雅图5,000家餐馆中的任何一家被发现违反禁令的餐馆，最高可被罚款250美元。

More than 200 restaurants in the city voluntarily adopted the ban last year, stopping millions of straws from entering the waste stream, according to the Lonely Whale Foundation, an environmental group running the  "Strawless in Seattle"  campaign.

据孤岛鲸鱼基金会（一家负责“西雅图无吸管”活动的环保组织）称，去年该市有200多家餐馆自愿采取禁令，阻止数百万根吸管进入废物流。

Seattle is believed to be the largest U.S. city to pass such a ban, though businesses and smaller municipalities have passed similar measures in an effort to cut down on ocean pollution.

西雅图被认为是美国通过这样禁令的最大城市，尽管企业和较小的城市都采取了类似的措施来减少海洋污染。

Other major cities, including San Francisco and New York, are considering similar bans.

其他主要城市，包括旧金山和纽约，正在考虑类似的禁令。

U.K. Prime Minister Theresa May announced earlier this year that the U.K. would become the first country to ban plastic straws nationwide as part of a plan to get rid of plastic waste by 2042.

英国首相梅今年早些时候宣布，作为到2042年消除塑料废料的计划的一部分，英国将成为第一个在全国范围内禁止塑料吸管的国家。