[(Title)] Here's Why the EU Just Hit Google With a Record $5 Billion Antitrust Fine.

Google has been fined a record-breaking €4.34 billion ($5.04 billion) over antitrust violations regarding its Android operating system.

谷歌因对Android操作系统的反垄断违法行为被罚款了43.4亿英镑（约合50.4亿美元）。

The European Commission levied the fine Wednesday, decrying the Alphabet-owned company's tactics in forcing the manufacturers of Android smartphones to preinstall Google's own search services and Chrome browser,

欧洲反垄断监管机构(EuropeanCommission)周三征收罚款，解除了Alphabet(Alphabet)旗下的策略迫使Android智能手机制造商事先安装谷歌的搜索服务和Chrome浏览器， 

to give them preference over rival services.

让他们优先于竞争对手的服务。

Google (googl) also broke the rules by stopping manufacturers who preinstall Google's Android apps from selling phones using a non-Google version of Android.

谷歌（googl）也打破了规则，阻止制造商使用Android的非谷歌版本来销售谷歌Android应用软件。  

Android is supposedly an open-source operating system that others can modify into a less Google-centric product, but Google's tactics shut down that competitive potential—notably,

Android据说是一个开源操作系统，其他人可以改装为不那么以谷歌为中心的产品，但谷歌的策略却抑制了这种竞争潜力。

Amazon (amzn) wasn't able to get any manufacturers to make devices using its Android-derived Fire OS mobile operating system.

亚马逊（Amazn）无法让任何制造商使用其Android衍生的火OS移动操作系统制造设备。

Android has around 80% of the European smartphone market and, with the rest of the market being Apple's, phone manufacturers cannot plausibly switch to a non-Google operating system.

Android大约有80%的欧洲智能手机市场，而其余的市场是苹果，因此手机制造商无法明显转向非谷歌操作系统。

In other words, Google has extraordinary power in the European smartphone sector, making its actions sensitive to antitrust regulation.

换句话说，谷歌在欧洲的智能手机部门拥有非凡的权力，使其行动对反垄断监管非常敏感。

"Google has used Android as a vehicle to cement the dominance of its search engine,"  said Margrethe Vestager, the competition commissioner.  "These practices have denied rivals the chance to innovate and compete on the merits.

“谷歌利用Android作为增强其搜索引擎优势的一种手段，”竞争专员玛格丽特·韦斯塔格(MargreteeVestager)表示，“这些做法剥夺了竞争对手根据是非曲直进行创新和竞争的机会。

They have denied European consumers the benefits of effective competition in the important mobile sphere. This is illegal under EU antitrust rules."

他们否认欧洲消费者在重要的流动领域进行有效竞争的好处，根据欧盟的反垄断规则，这是非法的。

Fine of €4,34 bn to @Google for 3 types of illegal restrictions on the use of Android. In this way it has cemented the dominance of its search engine. Denying rivals a chance to innovate and compete on the merits.

It's illegal under EU antitrust rules. @Google now has to stop it

— Margrethe Vestager (@vestager) July 18, 2018

The European Commission accused Google of the antitrust abuses more than two years ago, saying it was breaking competition law by forcing manufacturers to install all of Google's services in order to use its app store,

欧盟委员会(EuropeanCommission)指责谷歌两年多前滥用反垄断权，称它通过迫使制造商安装谷歌的所有服务来利用其应用程序存储，违反了竞争法，

and by paying manufacturers to make Google the default search engine on the devices.

并付钱给制造商，使谷歌成为设备上的默认搜索引擎。

Crucially, Google isn't just being fined—it is also being forced to allow manufacturers to preinstall rival companies' services instead of Google services. If the company doesn't now play fair within 90 days, it faces further fines.

更重要的是，谷歌不只是被罚款，它还被迫允许制造商先安装竞争对手的服务，而不是谷歌服务。

Google has already been targeted over similar violations in Russia, where it was forced to make it easier for consumers to use rival search engines.

谷歌已经在俄罗斯成为类似侵权行为的目标，在俄罗斯，它被迫让消费者更容易使用竞争对手的搜索引擎。

The European Commission also hit Google with a separate antitrust penalty of $2.7 billion last year, relating to violations in the way it presents shopping results in Google Search—a service with a market share in Europe of over 90%.

欧盟委员会去年还对谷歌进行了27亿美元的单独反垄断处罚，涉及违反其在谷歌搜索中提供购物结果的方式 - 这项服务在欧洲的市场份额超过90％。

Google is appealing that fine, and will appeal the new one too.

谷歌对此颇有吸引力，也将对新手提出上诉。

"Android has created more choice for everyone, not less,"  the company said.  "A vibrant ecosystem, rapid innovation and lower prices are classic hallmarks of robust competition. We will appeal the Commission's decision."

“Android为每个人创造了更多选择，而不是更少，”该公司表示。 “充满活力的生态系统，快速的创新和低廉的价格是竞争激烈的经典标志。我们将对委员会的决定提出上诉。”

Before Google became the Commission's current whipping-boy, the previous record antitrust fines were for Intel in 2009 ($1.06 billion) and Microsoft in 2008 ($899 million.)

在谷歌成为委员会目标之前，之前的反垄断罚款是针对英特尔2009年（10.6亿美元）和微软2008年（8.99亿美元）。

The Microsoft case was analogous to that involving Android—Microsoft was abusing Windows' dominance in the PC operating system market to push Microsoft's own products, namely Windows Media Player.

微软的情况类似于涉及Android的情况 - 微软滥用Windows在PC操作系统市场的主导地位来推动微软自己的产品，即Windows Media Player。

The EU also cracked down on Microsoft steering users towards its own browser, Internet Explorer, as the web was taking off.

随着网络的兴起，欧盟还打击了微软引导用户使用自己的浏览器Internet Explorer。

According to Bloomberg, Google chief Sundar Pichai had a last-minute call with Vestager late Tuesday, which is unusual practice in EU antitrust cases.

据彭博社报道，谷歌首席执行官桑达·皮采（Sundar Pichai）周二晚间与维斯塔格（Vestager）进行了最后一刻的通话，这在欧盟反垄断案件中是不寻常的做法。

Consumer advocates welcomed the Commission's decision.  "In competitive mobile markets, consumers should be able to make a meaningful choice between search engines and browsers and which apps they can download on their phones and tablets.

消费者权益维护者欢迎委员会的决定，"在具有竞争力的移动市场中，消费者应能够在搜索引擎和浏览器之间作出有意义的选择，并能够在其手机和平板电脑上下载这些应用程序。”

Google misuses its market power to push its own products. This is a clear restriction of competition which hurts European consumers,"  said Monique Goyens, head of the European Consumer Organisation (BEUC).

欧盟消费者组织(BEUC)负责人莫尼克·戈耶斯(MoniqueGoyens)表示：“谷歌滥用市场力量来推销自己的产品，这是对竞争的明显限制，损害了欧洲消费者。”