[(Title)] Ocean wilderness 'disappearing' globally.

Scientists have mapped marine "wilderness" areas around the world for the first time. These are regions minimally impacted by human activities such as fishing, pollution and shipping.

科学家们首次绘制了全世界的海洋“处女地”的区域。这些地区受到诸如渔业、污染和航运等人类活动的影响较小。

The team, led by researchers in Australia, found that just 13.2% of the world's oceans could be classed as wilderness - most in international waters, away from human populations. Very few coastal areas met the criteria, including coral reefs.

研究小组发现，世界上只有13.2％的海洋被归类为荒野——大多数在国际水域，远离人类，只有极少数沿海地区符合标准，包括珊瑚礁。

Reefs are some of the most biodiverse habitats in the ocean, as they are home to a great number of different plant and animal species. They are thought to be vital areas for marine life.

因为珊瑚礁是各种动植物的家园，所以它是海洋中生物多样性最丰富的栖息地之一，对于海洋生态来说至关重要。

"It's a place where the environment and ecosystem is acting in basically an undisturbed way that's free from human activity," explained lead author Kendall Jones. "

首席作者肯德尔·琼斯解释说：“这是一个环境和生态系统基本上不受人类活动影响的地方。”

Studies have shown that places free from intense levels of human activity have really high levels of biodiversity and high genetic diversity [but] we didn't have an idea of where across the globe these intact places could still be found," the Wildlife Conservation Society researcher told BBC News.

野生动物保护学会的研究人员说：“研究表明，人类活动少的地方生物多样性和高遗传多样性往往都很高。但我们并不知道全球哪些地方仍然可以找到这些不受人类影响的地方。”

Jones and other scientists set out to analyse the impact of 15 different human activities or "stressors" on global ocean environments, in order to map these regions. Data from satellites, ship tracking and pollution reports from individual countries were analysed.

琼斯和其他科学家开始分析15种不同的人类活动或“压力源”对全球海洋环境的影响，以便绘制这些地区的地图。他们对来自各国的卫星数据、船舶跟踪和污染报告进行了分析。

Areas that experienced the least impact - the bottom 10% - were classed as wilderness.

受到人类影响最少的地区，即影响程度低于10%的，被归为荒野。

Dr Rachel Hale from the University of Southampton, observed that "marine wildernesses are largely overlooked in terms of conservation priorities when compared to terrestrial ones, and it is extremely interesting to see where in the world these lie and what habitats they cover.

南安普敦大学的博士指出，"与陆地相比，海洋荒野在保护优先级方面基本不受重视。能看到世界上的荒野都在哪儿，以及里面有什么海洋生物，是非常有趣的。”

The team found that most of the areas they defined as wilderness fell within the Arctic, Antarctic and around Pacific Island nations, or in the open ocean, where human activity is more limited. Despite their conservation status, marine protected areas (MPAs) appear to host just 4.9% of global marine wilderness.

该团队发现，他们定义为荒野的大部分地区都落在北极，南极和太平洋岛国周围，或者在人类活动较为有限的开阔海域。尽管海洋保护区具有保护地位，但海洋保护区（海洋保护区）似乎仅占全球海洋荒野的4.9％。

Mr Jones also noted that wilderness areas exposed by the decline of sea ice in the Arctic are now potentially vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts. Although Mr Jones points out that fishing is one of the most significant direct impacts that humans can have on ocean ecosystems, many of the problems being caused originate on land. Runoff of nutrients from farming fertilisers, chemicals from poorly controlled industrial production, and the influx of plastic pollution from rivers are all disrupting ocean life.

琼斯先生还指出，由于北极海冰的减少而暴露的荒野地区现在可能容易受到人为影响。虽然琼斯先生指出，捕鱼是人类对海洋生态系统可能产生的最重要的直接影响之一，但许多问题都是陆上引起的。来自农业肥料的营养物质的流失，来自控制不良的工业生产的化学品以及来自河流的塑料污染的涌入都破坏了海洋生物。