[(Title)] Hurricane Maria's death toll in Puerto Rico revised up to nearly 3,000.

SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico (AP) - Puerto Rico's governor raised the island's official death toll from Hurricane Maria from 64 to 2,975 on Tuesday after an independent study found that the number of people who succumbed in the desperate, sweltering months after the storm had been severely undercounted.

周二，波多黎各的州长周二宣布飓风“玛丽亚”的官方统计死亡人数从64人增加到2,975人。

The new estimate of nearly 3, 000 dead in the six months after Maria devastated the island in September 2017 and knocked out the entire electrical grid was made by researchers with the Milken Institute School of Public Health at George Washington University.

2017年9月，飓风“玛利亚”摧毁了该岛，摧毁了整个电网，在此之后的六个月里，有大约3000人死亡。

"We never anticipated a scenario of zero communication, zero energy, zero highway access," Gov. Ricardo Rossello told reporters. "I think the lesson is to anticipate the worst."

“我们从来没有想到过失去通信、没有能源、切断公路通路，”戈夫里卡多·罗塞洛告诉记者，“我们需要预料到最糟糕的情况。”

He said he is creating a commission to study the hurricane response, and a registry of people vulnerable to the next hurricane, such as the elderly, the bedridden and kidney dialysis patients.

他说，他正在设立一个研究飓风反应的委员会，以及为易受下一次飓风影响的人登记在册，如老人，卧床不起和肾透析患者。

"A lesson from this is that efforts for assistance and recovery need to focus as much as possible on lower-income areas, on people who are older, who are more vulnerable," said Lynn Goldman, dean of the Milken institute.

“从中得到的教训是，援助和恢复的努力需要尽可能地集中在低收入地区，老年人，更易受伤害的人群，”米尔肯研究所院长林恩·戈德曼说。

Tuesday's finding is almost twice the government's previous estimate, included in a recent report to Congress, that there were 1,427 more deaths than normal in the three months after the storm.

周二的调查结果几乎是政府此前估计的两倍，最近的一份报告显示，在风暴过后的三个月里，死亡人数比以往正常情况多1,427人。

The George Washington researchers said the official count from the Sept. 20 hurricane was low in part because doctors were not trained in how to classify deaths after a disaster.

乔治华盛顿研究人员称，9月20日飓风的官方统计数字偏低，部分原因是医生在灾难发生后没有受过死亡分类的培训。

The number of deaths from September 2017 to February 2018 was 22 percent higher than the same period in previous years, Goldman said.

戈德曼表示，2017年9月至2018年2月，死亡人数比前几年同期增长了22%。

The number of dead has political implications for the Trump administration, which was accused of responding half-heartedly to the disaster.

死亡人数对特朗普政府具有政治影响，因为特朗普政府被指控对灾难作出的反应毫无诚心。

Shortly after the storm, when the official death toll stood at 16, President Donald Trump marveled over the small loss of life compared to that of "a real catastrophe like Katrina."

风暴发生后不久，官方宣布死亡人数为16人，唐纳德.特朗普总统对于与“卡特里娜”这样的“真正的灾难”相比死亡人数很小，感到惊奇。

Hurricane Katrina, which struck New Orleans in 2005, was directly responsible for about 1,200 deaths, according to the National Hurricane Center.

据国家飓风中心称，2005年飓风卡特里娜袭击了新奥尔良，造成约1200人死亡。

That does not include indirect deaths of the sort the George Washington researchers counted in Puerto Rico.

这不包括乔治华盛顿研究人员在波多黎各统计的那种间接死亡。

Rep. Nydia Velazquez, a New York Democrat, said the report shows the U.S. government failed the people of Puerto Rico.

纽约民主党人尼迪娅·维拉兹克斯说，报告显示，美国政府辜负了波多黎各人民。

"These numbers are only the latest to underscore that the federal response to the hurricanes was disastrously inadequate and, as a result, thousands of our fellow American citizens lost their lives," she said in a statement.

她在一份声明中说:“这些数字只是最新的一次统计，表明联邦政府对飓风的反应严重不足，导致成千上万的美国同胞丧生。”。

There is no national standard for how to count disaster-related deaths.

没有关于如何统计与灾害有关的死亡的国家标准。

While the National Hurricane Center reports only direct deaths, such as those caused by flying debris or drowning, some local governments may include indirect deaths from such things as heart attacks and house fires.

虽然国家飓风中心只报道直接死亡，如飞溅的碎片或溺水造成的死亡，但一些地方政府可能包括心脏袭击和屋火等事件的间接死亡。

Researchers with George Washington said they counted deaths over the span of six months - a much longer period than usual - because so many people were without power during that time.

乔治华盛顿的研究人员表示，他们计算了六个月内的死亡人数 - 比往常更长的时间 。

"It's fairly striking that you have so many households without electricity for so long. That's unusual in the U.S. after a disaster."

“有这么多家庭在灾难发生后，长时间断电，这在美国是不寻常的。”

Puerto Rico's government released data in June showing increases in several illnesses in 2017 that could have been linked to the storm: Cases of sepsis, a serious bloodstream infection usually caused by bacteria,

今年6月，波多黎各政府公布了数据，显示2017年的几种疾病增加了，这些疾病可能与风暴有关：脓毒症病例，一种通常由细菌引起的血流严重感染。

rose from 708 in 2016 to 835 last year. Deaths from diabetes went from 3,151 to 3,250, and deaths from heart illnesses increased from 5,417 to 5,586.

去年死于糖尿病的人数从2016年的708人增加到835人，从3151人增加到3250人，死于心脏病的人数从5417人增加到5586人。

Months ago, the Rossello administration stopped updating its official death toll at 64 and ordered the independent investigation amid suspicions the dead were substantially undercounted.

几个月前，罗塞洛行政当局停止将其官方死亡人数更新为64人，并下令进行独立调查，因为怀疑死者基本下落不明。

The first phase of the study cost $305,000. In the second phase, the researchers plan to focus on the causes of death.

这项研究的第一阶段耗资305，000美元。在第二阶段，研究人员计划关注死亡原因。

The researchers found that the risk of death was 45 percent higher for those living in impoverished communities, and that men older than 65 saw a continuous elevated risk of death.

研究人员发现，生活在贫困社区的人的死亡风险要高45%，而65岁以上的男子的死亡风险持续上升。

They also reported that physicians and others told them that Puerto Rico's government did not notify them about federal guidelines on how to document deaths related to a major disaster.

他们还报告说，医生和其他人告诉他们，波多黎各政府没有通知他们关于如何记录重大灾害造成的死亡的联邦准则。

"Others expressed reluctance to relate deaths to hurricanes due to concern about the subjectivity of this determination and about liability," the report said.

报告称：“其他一些人表示不愿将死亡与飓风联系起来，因为人们担心这一决定的主观性和赔偿责任。”

For the study, the researchers reviewed mortality data, including deaths by age, sex and municipality of residence, from July 2010 to February 2018.

在研究中，研究人员审查了2010年7月至2018年2月期间按年龄、性别和居住城市分列的死亡率数据。