[(Title)] Women at greater risk of heart attack from unhealthy lifestyle than men, study finds.

The gap in heart attack rates between women and men is set to close because unhealthy living is more dangerous for the female cardiovascular system, a study has found.

一项研究发现，女性和男性之间的心脏病发作率差距将会缩小，因为不健康的生活对女性心血管系统更为危险。

Men in Britain currently face a roughly three-times greater risk of suffering a heart attack, known as myocardial infarction, compared to  women because, in general, they live unhealthier lives.

与女性相比，英国男性目前遭受心脏病发作的危险大约要高出三倍，被称为心肌梗塞，因为总体而言，他们过着不健康的生活。

However, a new analysis of the medical records of nearly half a million middle-aged people found that, per person, smoking, high blood pressure and diabetes produced a higher chance of heart attack in women compared to men.

然而，对近50万中年人的医疗记录进行的一项新分析发现，与男性相比，吸烟者、高血压和糖尿病的女性患心脏病的几率较高。

Despite this, women are less likely than men to be offered proper care packages to deal with problems like diabetes because they are perceived to be at lower risk, experts said.

尽管如此，女性比男性相比，她们不太容易获得适当的护理方案来治疗糖尿病等疾病，因为她们被认为患病风险较低。 

The researchers from Oxford University said that women may be more susceptible to heart attack if they smoked, had high blood pressure or diabetes because of the way the female body stores fat.

来自牛津大学的研究人员说，由于女性储存脂肪的方式，女性吸烟后可能会更容易患上心脏病或糖尿病。

Published in the British Medical Journal, the study included 471,998 people aged between 40 and 69 who were enrolled in the UK Biobank databse.

这项研究发表在《英国医学杂志》上，包括471,998名年龄在40至69岁之间的人在英国生物银行数据库上注册。

All had no history of cardiovascular disease at the beginning of the study.

在研究之初，所有人都没有心血管病史。

The team found that smoking increased a woman's risk of heart attack by 55 per cent more than it did for a man.

研究小组发现，吸烟导致女性心脏病发作的危险比男性高55%。

Meanwhile high blood pressure increased the female risk of heart attack by an extra 83 per cent relative to male, and for diabetes the relative increased risk was 47 per cent.

同时，高血压使女性心脏病发作的危险比男性增加了83%，而糖尿病的相关风险则增加了47%。

The Oxford University team said that unless British women begin to improve their lifestyles, their rate of heart attacks would begin to move towards that of men.

牛津大学团队表示，除非英国女性开始改善自己的生活方式，否则他们的心脏病发作率将开始向男性发展。

Dr Elizabeth Millett, who led the study, said:  "Cardiovascular disease is the biggest killer of women but so many don't realise.

领导这项研究的伊莉莎白米勒特博士说：“心血管疾病是女人的最大杀手，但是很多人没有意识到。

"They're focused mainly on breast cancer.

“他们主要关注乳腺癌。妇女至少应该获得与男子同样的获得基于指南的糖尿病和高血压治疗的机会，以及获得资源，来帮助减肥和停止吸烟。”

"Women should, at least, receive the same access to guideline-based treatments for diabetes and hypertension, and to resources to help lose weight and stop smoking as do men."

The authors they believe their study is the first to analyse both absolute and relative differences in heart attack risk between the sexes across a range of risk factors in a general population.

他们认为他们的研究首先分析两性在一般人群中心脏病发作风险的绝对和相对差异。

But they emphasised that due to its design the could draw no firm conclusions between cause and effect.

但他们强调，由于其设计，无法在因果之间得出确切的结论。

However, they suggested that the sex difference might be partly explained by differences in body shape.

然而，他们提出，性别差异的部分原因可能是身体形态的不同。

Dr Sanne Peters, who co-authored the study, said:  "Women, on average, are more pear-shaped and men, on average, are more apple-shaped.

共同撰写这项研究的桑恩·彼得斯博士说：“平均而言，女性更呈梨状，而男性平均呈苹果状。”

"These differences in fat distribution have a different impact on the metabolic system and might explain some of the sex difference seen for diabetes."

这些脂肪分布的不同对代谢系统的影响不同，这也许可以解释糖尿病的性别差异。”

In the UK, women with diabetes are 15% less likely than men with diabetes to receive all recommended care processes, and may be less likely to achieve target values when treated for cardiovascular risk factors.

在英国，女性糖尿病患者接受所有推荐治疗的可能性比男性低15%，在治疗心血管风险因素时，不太可能达到目标值。

"Rising prevalence of lifestyle-associated risk factors, coupled with the ageing population, is likely to result in women having a more similar overall rate of myocardial infarction to men than is the case at present,

作者警告称:“与生活方式有关的危险因素日益普遍，加上人口老化，可能会导致妇女患心肌梗塞的总体比率上升，这给社会和卫生资源造成了巨大的额外负担。”

with a subsequent significant additional burden on society and health resources,"  the authors warned.

Approximately seven million people live with some form of cardiovascular disease in the UK, according to the British Heart Foundation, with around 420 dying from the disease each day.

据英国心脏基金会称，英国大约有700万人患有某种心血管疾病，每天约有420人死于这种疾病。

There are more than 200,000 hospital visits each year due to heart attacks, the equivalent of one every three minutes.

由于心脏病发作，每年有20多万家医院就诊，相当于每三分钟就诊一次。

© Telegraph Media Group Limited 2018

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